Microwave is an electromagnetic wave with wavelengths ranging from 1 millimeters to 1 meters, with frequencies ranging from 300 MHz to 300000 MHz. It is a member of the family of electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X rays and so on.
With the development of modern science and technology, the application field of microwave is not only familiar with microwave communication, but also involves medical and health, road construction, aerospace, environmental protection, energy transmission and other aspects, as well as people's lives.
Canadian scientists discovered that microwave can increase the speed of chemical reaction between some organic compounds by more than 1200 times, so that people have a new understanding of microwave, greatly changing the prejudice that microwave can only heat water substances, and expand the function of microwave heating to the field of organic matter, and have made one new achievement after another.
According to reports, Japanese scientific research institutions have developed new microwave technology for firing ceramics, which can shorten the firing time and reduce energy consumption.The new technology is characterized by letting the blank absorb microwaves, and then firing the ceramic products from the heat emitted by itself. The special furnace with this method has been developed successfully, and the furnace wall has a double-layer structure, which is composed of microwave absorbing ceramics and insulation materials. Compared with the existing burning method, the internal heating method can make the ceramic temperature rise uniformly during the firing process, thereby reducing the phenomenon of deformation and uneven color and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The quality of ceramic products fired by microwave is not inferior to that produced by electricity, gas or heavy oil. This technology can be used to produce insulating porcelain bottles and industrial ceramics used in semiconductors, automobiles and other fields.
Researchers at the Harvey laboratory in the United States have developed a new method of using microwave to dismantle the concrete buildings of atomic reactors. Because the work of an atomic reactor brings different levels of radioactivity to its surroundings, it is not allowed to raise a bit of dust in the demolition of buildings. Using microwave to heat the moisture contained in concrete, the volume of water will expand during the process of turning into water vapor, so that the concrete will burst. During this process, no dust will be generated, thus ensuring that the environment is free from contamination.
In highway construction, people often feel time-consuming and laborious for melting bitumen, resulting in heavy smoke to pollute the environment. In the course of transportation, they should also keep warm so as not to cause solidification. If microwave heating is used to heat the asphalt, satisfactory results will be achieved. The United States also invented a way of repairing roads by microwaves. The methods used in the past often make the pavement cool and difficult to combine with the newly added asphalt, and the repaired road also loses its original leveling. After microwave repair, a device is used to send microwave to the road surface to repair. It can quickly heat the road surface and melt the asphalt. Therefore, the new asphalt and the asphalt on the road surface will be melted together, and then the roller will be used to flatten the road surface easily.
Microwave can effectively transmit energy: not only can the ground electronic facilities provide energy by microwave irradiation, but also the aircraft in the air can receive energy by receiving microwave beams from the ground and make scheduled flight plans. The microwave station on the ground will transmit the microwave with high energy to a very large space. The instrument installed on the aircraft can receive microwave energy and transform the energy into electric energy, driving the engine on the airplane. According to this principle, people only need to set up a microwave transmission station every one hundred or two hundred kilometers on the ground, so that they can make the microwave aircraft fly around the earth without landing or refueling.
In September 1987, the first unmanned microwave aircraft successfully flew to the blue sky at the airport outside nirtaihua, Canada. It lasted 20 minutes at high altitude. Its energy comes from the disc antenna installed under the plane. The transmitter on the ground converts electricity into microwaves to transmit to the sky. After receiving the aircraft, it will be converted into electricity and propellers to fly.
Shortly afterwards, the United States developed an unmanned aerial microwave surveillance aircraft. The flight device is powered by a 2 MW microwave launched from the ground microwave launch station. When the receiver on the aircraft converts the received microwave into electrical energy, it can supply the motor to use. The flying height of the aircraft can reach 183-21350 meters, and it can stay in the air for 90 minutes.
In 1991, scientists from the United States and Canada jointly established an advanced microwave station on the ground. Here is the largest microwave transmitting antenna in the world, which can transmit microwaves to tens of thousands of meters in height. During the flight, the energy supplied by the microwave can be continuously flying for 3 months at a height of 20000 meters above the ground.
Now, Japan is also ahead of the research and development of microwave airplanes, and has developed a more advanced microwave powered aircraft. By adopting the latest semiconductor technology and automatic orientation technology of phased array antenna, the microwave can be transmitted farther and the directional accuracy is higher. At the same time, the mechanical transmission of the transmitting antenna is avoided, and the control is very flexible, which is especially suitable for microwave transmission on the satellite.
In the development of space industry, people are envisaging the use of microwave energy to launch the space shuttle, so that the funds needed are only 1/20 of the total cost of launching rockets. At the same time, scientists used microwave for atmospheric detection and monitoring, creating a good air environment for the smooth flight of rockets and satellites.
Microwave in modern medicine can be used to treat various diseases, relieve pain and mental burden for patients. An extremely small microwave generator can be directly transported from the mouth, urethra, and anus into the human body, directly killing cancer cells. It can be used to treat cancer or abscess in the stomach, esophagus, prostate, etc. If the tiny microwave coil is sent directly to the blood vessel, the excess material of the vascular wall can be removed and the inner wall of the blood vessel becomes smooth and elastic.
American medical scientists have found a new way to shrink swollen tonsils by using microwave technology, so that patients can avoid the discomfort and bleeding caused by traditional tonsillectomy. During the treatment, the medical staff inserted a needle size heating probe into 3 points of two swollen tonsils and stayed at each point for a few seconds. The temperature of these heating probes is between 120 degrees Celsius and 150 degrees Celsius, which makes the swollen tonsils atrophy rapidly.
Some medical experts in Japan apply microwave coagulation to the treatment of gastric cancer. It uses microwave to coagulate the protein and then coagulate and necrosis the tumor cells. The current microwave coagulation therapy is guided by ultrasound. The needle electrode is inserted directly into the tumor tissue from the skin directly through the skin, and the tumor tissue is coagulated by the microwave of the electrode to kill the tumor cells. This method does not require open surgery. It has less damage to patients and lower treatment cost. It is welcomed by doctors and patients.
In the modern war, a powerful microwave weapon is entering the application stage. It has no trace, no sound, but can attack various targets, including missiles, aircraft, tanks, warships, radar, computers, photoelectric components and so on, resulting in great destructive force and destructive power.
Microwave weapons use microwave energy to generate high temperature, ionization, radiation, sound wave and other comprehensive effects, and transmit them in a certain direction in the form of "bundles" to destroy or damage targets. It has been measured that the use of microwave energy radiation per square centimeter of 0.01 watts can directly invalidate or burn out components such as communications, radar, navigation, and other electronic systems. When the microwave radiation at 80 watts per square centimeter is used for 1 seconds, the organs in humans and animals will lose balance due to high heat, and the coordination of functions will be in disorder, which will soon affect the nerve center and heart and lead to death.
The composition of microwave weapons is generally composed of three parts: ultra high power microwave transmitter, large high gain antenna and tracking and aiming control system. When attacking the target, the large antenna first aggregates the microwave output from the ultra high power transmitter in the narrow beam, forming a strong beam energy, and then shoots at the target at a speed of 300 thousand kilometers per second. Comparing with its working principle and structure, microwave weapons are thousands of times higher than that of their similar radars in terms of energy radiation. In the same weapons that emit particle beams, the microwave weapons are much larger than the laser weapons in the width of the beam, and the attenuation is slow.
The most important function of microwave weapons in application is to deal with electronic devices. Electronic equipment in modern warfare is a necessary guidance system for all kinds of weapons in search of targets and attacks. It has a very strange function. It is difficult to take other weapons to deal with it. The microwave weapon is not the same. Because it is a kind of electromagnetic wave emitted by itself, it is very easy to disturb and destroy the electronic oscillation, and it can cause the whole electronic work system to be paralyzed, thus making the weapon system lose the ability to attack and defend. With the development of science and technology, various stealth weapons have appeared one after another. These new weapons can effectively avoid the detection and tracking of sensors such as radar and infrared. However, these stealthy weapons will suffer from the high energy beam of microwave weapons. The "invisibility cloak" applied to these weapons is a special coating that will be destroyed in a short time and can be melted instantly. Such a result will destroy the entire stealth weapon. Thus, from the date of birth, microwave weapons are destined to be the nemesis of stealth weapons.
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